What system is used for monitoring and controlling the flow of electricity to ensure reliability and efficiency?

• A. Metering
• B. Control and Instrumentation (SCADA)
• C. Voltage Range for Distribution Transformers
• D. Distribution Transformer

Answer: (B)

SCADA systems monitor and control the flow of electricity across the grid from a central view. They collect real-time data from sensors, meters, relays, and substations, showing operators voltages, currents, line loads, and faults. With this information, operators can remotely control equipment—opening or closing breakers, reconfiguring paths, adjusting voltage via capacitor banks, and implementing protective actions—to keep service reliable and efficient. Metering, by contrast, is about measuring energy use rather than actively managing the network, and a distribution transformer or its voltage range is a hardware device or specification, not a control system.