Distribution Transformer

• A. A protection relay
• B. An electrical device used to change the voltage of electricity from higher levels to lower levels suitable for consumer use.
• C. Metering
• D. Area Substation Cubicles

Answer: (B)

A distribution transformer is the device that changes high distribution voltages to the lower voltages used by customers. It uses the turns ratio of its windings to step voltage down, so the high-level voltage carried on the distribution network is reduced to the levels (like 120/240 V for homes) that end users need. Power is conserved across the transformer (minus losses), meaning the input power roughly equals the output power while the voltage is lowered and current increases accordingly. This placement and function are what lets electricity travel efficiently over long distribution lines and still be safe and usable at the customer’s location. The other items describe different equipment: a protection relay manages faults and trips circuits, metering measures energy usage, and area substation cubicles house switchgear but do not perform the voltage transformation.